Water entry of a rocket fairing half

Simulation of the hydrodynamic impact of a rocket fairing half during splashdown.

Industry
Aerospace
Physics
Multiphase flow - Fluid/structure interactions
Platform
HPC Cluster

Water entry of a rocket fairing half

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Objective

During space launches, some rocket parts, such as the fairing half-shell, are jettisoned in flight and then recovered after falling into the ocean. Understanding their behavior during water impact is crucial to:

  • avoid structural damage
  • optimize recovery systems
  • ensure equipment reusability

Simulation setup

The simulation reproduces the descent of a rocket fairing half based on an imported 3D geometry (STL format), integrated directly into the computational environment.

The domain is modeled as a two-phase air/water configuration, with an upper region filled with air and a lower region occupied by water. The interface between the two phases is tracked dynamically using a VOF (Volume of Fluid) method, allowing the capture of free-surface deformations during impact.

The fairing half is initially positioned in the air region with an inclined orientation, then released under gravity in order to simulate a realistic descent until impact with the water. The computation is performed on a structured Cartesian mesh, ensuring fast simulation setup without requiring complex mesh generation around the geometry. The interaction between the fluid and the structure is taken into account through a penalization approach, allowing complex geometries to be efficiently embedded in the grid.

Results

The simulation captures a range of physical phenomena:

  • fall through the air
  • impact with the free surface
  • water entry and post-impact dynamics